Introduction Oxygen vacancies are conductive nature, optical specificity and magnetic characteristics of oxygen in compounds of silicon oxide SiO2, magnesium oxide MgO and titanium oxide TiO2. The vacancies occur due to the removal of an oxygen atom. According to research, the role of OV has...
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), is a colorless fluid that seems dismal in a weaken arrangement, somewhat more thick than water. It is a powerless corrosive. It has solid oxidizing properties and is thus an incredible fading operator that has discovered use as a disinfectant, as an...
Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to measure the exact mass of a vitamin C tablet by mixing the filtered and diluted vitamin C solution with a standard potassium iodate solution and standardizing the mixture solution with sodium thiosulphate. Vitamin C, also known as...
The purpose of this lab is to create soap through saponification of a triglyceride and compare it to commercial detergent and hand soap. Soap is one of society’s major defenses against diseases. Soap’s origins, however, are not clear. There are ruins from ancient Egyptian times...
Abstract Back titration was the method used to determine the concentration of aspirin by reacting it with known amount of excess base. Aspirin- chemically known as acetyl salicylic acid is a weak acid undergoing slow hydrolysis where one molecule of aspirin reacting with two hydroxide...
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Introduction Titration is a process in which the concentration of an unknown acid or base is determined using the known molarity of another acid or base. This process includes taking a solution, known as the titrant, and slowly adding it to the unknown solution -the...
As vinegar is a common household ingredient to use in food and everyday life, I predicted that there would be around 5% ethanoic acid composition in vinegar. My hypothesis was not as strongly supported as it could have been, as the final percentage of ethanoic...
Introduction: Organic chemicals are chemicals that are carbon-based and are often associated with life functions. Of these organic compounds, four main categories are found in all living things to help keep cells alive and functioning properly. These categories are referred to as macromolecules and consist...
An antioxidant is a substance that when present at relatively low concentration(s), compared with those of the oxidisable substrate, significantly delays or inhibits oxidation of that substrate (Apak et al. , 2013) Antioxidants are divided into two classes; primary (or chain breaking) antioxidants and secondary...
Single Replacement Lab Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to observe a single replacement reaction with iron and copper. Through the observations, the students were able to see the activity series and the changing of electrons and examine an oxidation/reduction reaction. In addition, the...
SUMMARY The objective of this experiment was to determine the kinetic parameters for the reaction between crystal violet dye (CVD) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The reaction was investigated at temperatures of 25, 30, 35, and 40°C using a method of excess, which implies a 1000:1...
Introduction Chemical reactions are fundamental processes that occur in various natural and artificial systems. These reactions involve the conversion of reactants into products, and understanding the concept of equilibrium is crucial in comprehending the dynamics of these reactions. This essay explores the role of equilibrium...
Introduction Beer’s law quantifies the relationship between the concentration of a certain substance in solution, and the amount of light this substance absorbs at a given length traveled by the incident light. In its general form, this law equates the product of incident light path...
The goal of the experiment was to prepare trans-benzalacetophenone, benzalacetophenone with aniline, and benzalacetaphenone dibromide. During the experiment some observations were made, such as colour change and crystal formation. The melting points and percent yields were measured, and IR spectrum was studied. Introduction The purpose...
Nature has evolved with great diversity and vastness of its territories from a simple virus to complex eukaryotes. But, with these complexities it has also left some firing questions and fascinating answers. Despite biology’s variety in complexity and complexity in variety, biochemical machineries of all...