Surface-Modified Macrophages Facilitate Tracking Of Breast Cancer-Immune Interactions

The immune system is important for the human body because it can detect and remove abnormal cells. A macrophage is considered to be a leukocyte, which is a type of white blood cells. Macrophages play a major role in facilitating cancer progression, leading to the correlation of their presence with disease severity in many cancer types. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) silence the immune response to tumors. TAMs is important for the initial stage of metastasis. Because small molecules are difficult to be engulfed and released together, the nanoparticles are limited. It is difficult to use nanoparticles because phagocytosis is difficult to control. Even though there are modifications to the particle surfaces to alter their characteristics. The cell membrane contains many biomolecules that can be manipulated. Mouse cells have been used as a clinically relevant triple-negative breast cancer model and are considered to represent stage four breast cancer. For future references, biodistribution of macrophages will be used to modify smaller functionalities. A successful medication involves the target molecule to the cell surface under physiological conditions, without interfering with the normal function of the cell. Using these strategies, they can now employ macrophage for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

In the introduction, the study uses “fluorescent probes to append to macrophages to monitor chemosensing, tracking, and interactions with cancer cells.” They used N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling chemistry or metabolic incorporation of unnatural azido-sugars to modify the macromolecules. In the discussion, their first method used fluorescent and N-hydroxysuccidimide. They observed that there was a significant amount of cellular modification. In the conclusion, the researchers reached their goal that “macrophages can be functionalized via three different approaches, retaining viability and their inherent migratory and chemotactic properties in vitro and in vivo.”

In the conclusion, the study states that they were able to demonstrate that macrophages can be functionalized via three different approaches, retaining viability and their inherent migratory and chemotactic properties in vitro and in vivo.” An example of nominalization is “tumor detection and assessment of interactions”. An example of parallelism is “spleen, lungs, and tumor” There was no example of split infinitive in this article. An example of split verb is “to circumvent”. An example of hedging is “Macrophages are typically considered to be pro-inflammatory cells”. An example of paragraph structure is on page 2340 and paragraph 4.

The topic sentence is “The cell membrane contains a diverse array of biomolecules, many of which can be chemically manipulated to allow selective noncovalent and covalent bioconjugations.” Yes, the other information in the paragraph supports the topic sentence. It explains how the membranes can be modified and new techniques for tumor microenvironment. There was a case with a 69-year old woman with a history of modified radical mastectomy. She came to the emergency room with abdominal pain and a physical examination showed an enlargement of the abdomen. A CT scan was taken and it revealed a lesion in the colon. There was a high prevalence of infiltrating ductal carcinoma, the most common, but infiltrating lobular breast carcinoma, the second most common, was responsible for gastrointestinal metastases. If there are multiple lesions, then there is a possibility of metastasis. The best choice to differentiate metastases and colon tumors is to do a colonoscopy. Tumor cells that invade the mucous membrane is identical to those of the primary breast tumor that determine metastasis. Immunohistochemical techniques is useful when doctors do not where the tumor begins or what treatments to assess. Surgical treatment is only necessary for intestinal obstruction.

This topic interest me because as a woman, we are susceptible to this disease. It is best to do the right amount of research to understand what it can take. The audience are women who are looking for a cure for breast cancer or are interested in what they need to do when it happens. When they discover they have this disease, they will likely go on the internet and search the effects.