Breast cancer is the most commonly occuring disease in women both in the developed and less developed world and the second most common cancer in general. (World Cancer Research Fund International, 2019) It is estimated that worldwide over 508 000 women died in 2011 due...
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in American women. Currently there are no FDA approved vaccines for breast cancer. For this reason development of a therapeutic breast cancer vaccine is an area...
Detecting Skin lesions in dermoscope images is very difficult due to indefinite lesion boundaries. A type of cancer known as malignant melanoma is increasing all over the world. The reported cases each year due to this cancer is alarming. Immunotherapy and Radiotherapy are advance techniques...
Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in the world by which many people lost their lives. Cancer is caused by a gene mutation in which the cell grows abnormally. There are different types of cancer like blood cancer, lung cancer, brain cancer, skin...
Pancreatic cancer is one of the lethal types of cancer with high mortality rate, due to the late development of clinical symptoms in early stages. An early method which is non-invasive for detecting pancreatic cancer to improve survival rate has been a challenge. Circulating microRNAs...
I chose the topic of lung cancer because I have a family member that suffered the fatal fate of lung cancer. My grandpa was only in his 60’s when cancer struck and by the time he found out that he had lung cancer, it was...
I decided to research ovarian cancer in this project because I am an ovarian cancer patient. I was diagnosed with ovarian cancer five years ago, at 18 years old, and underwent surgery and chemotherapy (chemo) for 10 months. I wanted to know more about my...
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 150 of Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue of ovarian cancer. The enrolled ovarian cancer patients have treated by intravenous platinum compound based therapy either in the form of “Cisplatin or Carboplatin” for three to four cycles. As specimens...
Skin is one of the most important organs in our body. Our skin provides a significant amount of protection from gaining any dangerous bacteria outside of the body to get inside to our vastly large organ system. Skin produces cells to create massive layers to...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which constitutes 90% of pancreatic cancers, is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Unfortunately, it is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030, surpassing lung, liver, breast and prostate cancers. This is...
Definition Cancer is that the uncontrolled growth and unfold of cells. It will have an effect on nearly any a part of the body. The growths typically invade encompassing tissue and might metastasise to distant sites. several cancers may be prevented by avoiding exposure to...
pH sensitive liposomes contains the such type of the phospholipid bilayer which is sensitive to the change in the pH. Change in the pH influences the release of the drug. pH sensitivity is the important feature of this type of the liposome which gives advantage...
Ovarian cancer is considered an elusive disease, quietly progressing undetected and usually evading diagnosis until it reaches advanced stages. Unreliable and inconsistent screening is thought to be one of the primary reasons why mortality rates from ovarian cancer have not improved as much over the...
Pancreatic Cancer (PC) arises from exocrine pancreatic ducts and is expected to claim 44330 lives in United States by 2018. PC is forecasted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death in United States by 2030 (Rahib et. al 2014). PC has a poor...
Pancreatic Cancer Symptoms: include any differences in presentation between age groups (children, adults, elderly) and races if applicable. General Symptoms Jaundice A yellowing of the skin and eyes Most commonly cause by a buildup in bilirubin, a dark yellow brownish substance produced in the liver....
Abstract Pancreatic cystic neoplasms demonstrate approximately 15% of all pancreatic tumors. Serous Cystic Neoplasm (SCN) is a benign lesion, and observation is the primary line of treatment before surgical procedures should be used. Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm (MCN) may initially begin as benign, but more likely...
Introduction The second most frequently occurring cancer currently worldwide is breast cancer (25% of all cancer patients) and the seventh is ovarian cancer (4% of all cancer patients) with the main risk factors including age and genetics. Genetics is responsible for 10% of breast cancer...
Ovarian cancer (OC) can be divided into distinct subtypes depending on the tissue of origin; surface epithelial, germ cell, sex cord stromal and metastases. Most tumours arise from the epithelial tissue of the ovary and this group is further subdivided by cell type; serous, mucinous...
The development of the prostate gland occurs during the third month of pregnancy (1). According to Kai H. Hammerich, Gustavo E. Ayala, and Thomas M. Wheeler, it is developed from epithelial invaginations out of the back urogenital sinus under the effect of the underlying mesenchyme...
Nowadays, an increasing number of men are diagnosed the prostate cancer. Luckily, researchers from Vancouver Prostate Centre found the developed small drug compounds—VPC-14449 and VPC-14228 which can inhibit the activation level of androgen receptor(AR) that promotes the appearance of prostate cancer(PCa) by targeting to the...
Introduction This essay will seek to discuss the role of androgen receptor therapy in advanced prostate cancer. Prostate cancer and the androgen receptor (AR) will be discussed, namely the origins of androgen receptor targeted therapy, its development and role in treatment of advanced prostate cancer...
In the female reproductive system, a woman has one ovary on each side of her uterus, and these ovaries produce both hormones and eggs for fertilization when a woman procreates (Mayo Clinic Staff). Fallopian tubes are “a pair of long, slender tubes on each side...
On the first day of tenth grade my teacher, Mrs. Sergeevna, told my class a story of her husband Victor, who is a brain cancer survivor. This Russian family lived over 8 years in Mongolia teaching Russian language in Mongolian schools. She became emotional as...
Vitamin D is obtained in an inactive form from sun exposure, food or supplements and in order to become activated, it must be hydroxylated through 2 enzymatic reactions in liver and kidney. The first step of vitamin D metabolism starts in small intestine where it...
The fire service has in recent years begun to introduce several significant studies regarding finding exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) causing an elevated increase in cancer incidence in firefighters. Studies are targeting the increased rate of cancer diagnosis in firefighters, through testing of personal...
Abstract Background Relationship of the oxidative stress and cancer pathogenesis was found in recent years. Thiol and disulphide play an important role in cell signal mechanisms, apoptosis, antioxidant protection, and detoxification. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of Thiol-Disulphide homeostasis (TDH) in...
Abstract Glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, primary central nervous system lenfoma (PCNSL), germinoma and CNS lenfoma are malignant tumors in CNS. Medulloblastoma is the most common form of malignant tumor in children. In the treatment of those tumors the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is used. Temozolamid (TMZ),...
ABSTRACT Hypoxia, caused by insufficient oxygen supply in solid tumors, leads to drug resistance and reduced efficiency of chemotherapy. A cancer cell membrane veiled nanocarrier consisting of a polymeric core encasing Haemoglobin (Hb) and Doxorubicin (DOX) was developed to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy. These...
Cancer is an unforgiving disease that can ravage the human body and one of the most abysmal forms includes: brain cancer. Tumors of the brain can be classified as either primary or secondary, where primary brain tumors originate in the brain and secondary tumors develop...
Project Description/Summary: According to Merck Manual Consumer Version, in the United States, cervical cancer, which is also called cervical carcinoma, is the third-most-common gynecologic cancer among all women and cervical cancer is especially common among younger women(Cervical). So what is this? The abbreviation for HPV...
Introduction: Ewing’s sarcoma, first described by James Ewing [1] is a small round cell tumor with significant malignant potential. The Ewing’s sarcoma are derived from cells of the neural crest and has reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 11 and 22, t (11;22) [2]. Ewing’s sarcoma along...
However, it was found that the general knowledge among the participants about cancer was not moderate and this concluded that the research has lacking of how research the participants behaviors, and lifestyle could help to understand the risk of cancer associated with their lifestyle. From...
In today’s world cancer is still a fatal disease with high death rate and its cures have many side effects on the patients which are dangerous for the patient. [1] With western techniques of therapies, medication from natural and traditional resources are still used in...
Cancer Intervention Proposal Cancer is formed when the cell cycle goes out of control and starts creating and reproducing cells that are abnormal, this is called uncontrolled cell division. It is caused by the disruption of the cell cycle. When experiencing uncontrolled cell division, the...
Apitherapy: detection and treatment of cancer in humans Apitherapy is the application of bee products in a medicinal setting. The word comes from the Latin word “apis,” which means bee. These bee products include bee venom, honey, pollen, royal jelly, propolis, and beeswax. Bee products...
Abstract Cancer is a complicated disease affecting many people today. It is the second deadliest disease in America. Pediatric Hepatoblastoma is rare liver cancer among children. Usually affecting children under the age of three, it is very difficult to treat due to its aggressiveness and...
A sound concept is that, in order to appreciate historical concepts, the antecedents should undergo research. Since historical notes were searched without avail, the present paper critically analyses the works of some medical masters. This has resulted in discarding historical looseness and enthroning the real...
Introduction Cancer is one of the leading cause of death globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) stated, over the next 20 years, the numbers of new cancer cases are likely to continue increase by around 70%. Chemotherapy is one of the most popular method used...
The gradual growth of genetic and epigenetic alterations in colon epithelium is the main culprit behind the commencement and progression of colorectal cancer development. The lists of these alterations are long and persist to grow. On the other hand, only a small number of genes...
Several classes of chemotherapeutic agents along with radiation and other therapies have been evolved over period of time. Still cytotoxicity and drug resistance remains the major hurdle for the treatment of cancer. Antitumour agents that can modulate apoptosis is highly sought after recently for the...
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