Vanet - Optimal Route In Finding Petrol Station In Oman

Research Proposal

The system can be used as mobile-based application that allow driver search for nearest petrol station online. Drivers are the only beneficiaries of this application to determine the nearest oil station to their current location when the oil ratio is low. This application ensures a shortest route to the oil stations near its current location. By using VAVET network, the application shows the best non-traffic road to the petrol station specified by the driver. Moreover, it allows driver to know how far the next station from its current location in kilo. Add to that, it allows driver to know the type of petrol station such as: Oman, Al-Maha and sell. Also, it allows driver to know the type of petrol is available.

Origin Of Research Problem

Some people face a problem in the way when the petrol is finished from the car because they do not know the nearest station is located in the way and location specifically. We can’t locate any nearest petrol station. To help drivers know the distance to the next petrol station from his location. Relevance to the national priority and needs Justify the relevance of your research in relation to national priorities and needs. The online petrol station system is very useful, making it easy for the customer to choose the nearest station in case of oil shortage. With this system, the customer can choose any type of petrol station and choose the nearest station from it. The driver can see all nearest petrol station before choosing, which makes him feel more comfortable using our system. He can also see the distance he will need to reach the station. This system will provide a little time to find the station easily and to identify any type of the only station was Al-Maha, Shell or Oman.

Introduction

Background of the study

In general, VANET technologies are aimed to improve life safety in roads through providing real-time traffic information such as vehicle collisions, road conditions, emergency braking, etc. The basis for many VANET applications is, vehicles exchange periodic beacons contains information about the traffic, road status, etc. As an important component of intelligent transportation systems, vehicular ad hoc networks can provide safer and more comfortable driving circumstance for the drivers. Optimal route is the route consists of smaller segments that will be referred to as route tokens. Each route token contains the GPS coordinates of the route segment’s start and end points, the speed and the duration. E. g. , to build a database with GPS and network bandwidth information.

In active mode, the user can use the client to select a desired destination, which together with his current location are placed in a query that is sent to the server, requesting the route between the two end-points with the shortest travel time. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system made up of at least 24 satellites. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day, with no subscription fees or setup charges. The U. S. Department of Defense (USDOD) originally put the satellites into orbit for military use, but they were made available for civilian use in the 1980s. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day, with no subscription fees or setup charges. GPS satellites circle the Earth twice a day in a precise orbit. Each satellite transmits a unique signal and orbital parameters that allow GPS devices to decode and compute the precise location of the satellite. GPS receivers use this information and trilateration to calculate a user's exact location.

Essentially, the GPS receiver measures the distance to each satellite by the amount of time it takes to receive a transmitted signal. With distance measurements from a few more satellites, the receiver can determine a user's position and display it electronically to measure your running route, map a golf course, find a way home or adventure anywhere. Android System provides the opportunity to determine the current geographical location and build location-aware applications. To obtain the user location, we can use one of the following:

• GPS Provider: GPS is exact and more appropriate for outdoors, but it consumes a lot of battery power.
• Android’s Network Location Provider (availability of network tower and Wi-Fi access points)or both of them. Network provider works for indoors as well outdoors and has a lower battery consumption and a faster response.
• Android allows us to integrate Google Maps in our application. You can show any location on the map, or can show different routes on the map e. t. c. You can also customize the map according to your choices. Mobile users take their devices with them everywhere, and adding location awareness to your app offers users a more contextual experience. The location APIs available in Google Play services facilitate adding location awareness to your app with automated location tracking, geofencing, and activity recognition. Also, with the Maps SDK for Android, you can add maps based on Google Maps data to your application.

The API automatically handles access to Google Maps servers, data downloading, map display, and response to map gestures. You can also use API calls to add markers, polygons, and overlays to a basic map, and to change the user's view of a particular map area. These objects provide additional information for map locations, and allow user interaction with the map. The Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is an ad hoc network system based on the concept of mobile ad hoc network. Such types of system can work independently and can also be interconnected through internet with in its infrastructure. The system characteristics such as multi-hop paths, node mobility, huge network, device heterogeneity, congestion and bandwidth are the constraints in designing the routing protocols for VANET. The present routing protocols that have been deployed for MANET are used to test the VANET accuracy and performance. Present research efforts are strongly emphasized on designing a novel routing algorithm and its implementations. Recent VANET research are majorly focused on predefined areas such as broadcasting and routing, security, Quality of Service (QoS) and infotainment with information dissemination during emergencies. There are currently many applications in Oman that are used to locate petrol stations in different areas where the driver of the vehicle can determine the location of the petrol station when it needs to fill the petrol. Such as: OOMCO application for Oman petrol stations and SHELL application for Shell stations. There are also sites that provide petrol station location and type of service for all stations located in different regions of Oman and guides the driver to the nearest road through which to access it. Such as: SHELL STATION LOCATOR, OMAN OIL PETROL STATION and Al-Maha Petrol Station.

Problem Statement

Sometime the traveler doesn’t know the petrol stations in other regions, so they will be get lost and doesn’t found it. This idea is proposed to give priority to every traveler to find the nearest petrol station in its current location. Moreover, the travelers sometimes take a road to the nearest station and find it crowded then he/she is facing a problem because they don’t know if this road crowded or not. To selection of routing method heavily depends on the nature of the network. Thus single ad hoc routing method is not enough in meeting all the different types of ad hoc networks. The driver faces difficult to write his location while driving the vehicle. The location feature of the voice mode will facilitate the driver to determine the location of his presence through voice without any difficult. Application currently available do not have location of any petrol stations in Oman found application for specific stations. For example: shell petrol station and OMAN OIL petrol station.

Objective(s), Scope and Limitations

The application that we created will help travelers to find the nearest petrol station and then to identify the best route to reach it without traffic jam by using GPS. Also, it helps the travelers to identify the type of that petrol station and the services it provides. On the other hand, this application needs the Internet for use so, it will be difficult for a driver to use this app without internet when needed, as there is no Internet or Internet service is weak in some areas, it is difficult for the travelers to use the app. When the travelers is chosen for the nearest road to the petrol station, the route he chooses may be unworkable and unsafe.

Assumptions and Hypothesis

After creating this application, we assume to achieve our goals that is helps the travelers to identify the nearest petrol station and identify it is type with services. Then the travelers decide which station he /she needs and go to it by using the best path that showing in the app. Also, help they to select faster path to that petrol station he/she was selected. Moreover, we assume to make the travelers happy with use this app.

Significance of the problem

This application that we create it will be more useful to the travellers in many ways such as: solve problem of traffic jam by take the best and fast path that not include traffic and easy to finding the nearest petrol station by using GPS. That include all petrol station exist in Oman such as: shell petrol station, OMAN OIL petrol station and Al-Maha petrol station.

Definition of terms

• The Global Positioning System (GPS): is a satellite-based navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U. S. Department of Defence. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day.
• The U. S. Department of Defence (USDOD): is an executive branch department of the federal government of the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the United States Armed Forces. The department is the largest employer in the world.
• Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET): The VANET, is a technology that uses moves cars as nodes in a network to create a mobile network. VANET turns every participating car into a wireless router or node, allowing cars approximately 100 to 300 metres of each other to connect and, in turn, create a network with a wide range.
• Shortest Path Problem: The shortest path problem can be defined for graphs whether undirected, directed, or mixed. It is defined here for undirected graphs; for directed graphs the definition of path requires that consecutive vertices be connected by an appropriate directed edge.
• Location Based Services (LBS): Location based services (LBS) are services offered through a mobile phone and take into account the device’s geographical location. LBS typically provide information or entertainment. Because LBS are largely dependent on the mobile user’s location, the primary objective of the service provider’s system is to determine where the user is. There are many techniques to achieve this. Some of the most common LBS applications include local news, directions, points of interest, directory assistance, fleet management, emergency, asset tracking, location-sensitive building, and local advertisement.
• Voice Recognition: Voice or speaker recognition is the ability of a machine or program to receive and interpret dictation or to understand and carry out spoken commands. Voice recognition has gained prominence and use with the rise of AI and intelligent assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, Apple's Siri and Microsoft's Cortana. Voice recognition systems enable consumers to interact with technology simply by speaking to it, enabling hands-free requests, reminders and other simple tasks.
• Google Maps: is a Web-based service that provides detailed information about geographical regions and sites around the world. In addition to conventional road maps, Google Maps offers aerial and satellite views of many places. In some cities, Google Maps offers street views comprising photographs taken from vehicles.

Review Of Literature

This section discusses findings and observations done by some research works on mobile-based VANET - Optimal route in finding petrol station in Oman. The gathered information on these related papers strengthens and supports the research study. According to Rajashree Dutta, Ranjana Thalore (2017). VANET is a branch of mobile network intelligent transport system. It has the ability to instruct the vehicle driver to determine the route he wants to go.

VANET has more than one example:

1. Position based routing protocols.
2. Broadcast based routing protocols.
3. Multicast/geocast routing protocols.
4. Cluster based routing protocols.

This paper contains a detailed definition of the VANET network and its description and use. It also contains VANET network classifications and the difference between them. This study lacks the knowledge that the authors did not specify the method in which they collected information about the VANET network. The VANET network uses the GPS positioning feature. The protocol is communicated to guide the VANET network to locate. The best protocol that can we use in our application is Position based routing protocols the routing decisions are based on geographic position of the vehicles. This does not require establishment or maintenance of routes, but requires location services to determine the position of the destination. According to Mithun Kumar, Ajay Kumar Nigam and T. Sivakumar (2018). VANET is a subset of networks of dedicated mobile networks. The protocol is used to routing the network and the protocol is divided into two categories, a list based on the topology, and a second category, based on the VANET. In this paper the network was explained and used of VANET and its usefulness. Explain how to connect to a network VANET. There are two ways to connect:

1. Pure cellular architecture.
2. Pure Ad hoc.

Also talk about challenges of VANET.

These challenges can be described in the following categories: Highly dynamic topology, Frequent exchange of information, Wireless Communication, Unbounded network size, Frequent disconnected network, Time Critical, Sufficient Energy, Better Physical Protection, Unlimited Battery Power and Storage, Hard delay constraints and Security. Also explain the types of network VANET with its advantage and dis advantage. In this study missing to use methodology. In this paper discussed the types of communications, their characteristics and the challenges of the protocol to guide the network VANET. The protocol based into three categories proactive, reactive and hybrid protocols. Pure cellular architecture (I2V) In pure cellular architecture the direct communication among vehicles. The role of infrastructure is very crucial by collecting universal or limited information on traffic and road situations and then proposing or imposing positive performances on a cluster of vehicles. We can use this protecol in our app.

According to A. Renugambal, V. Adilakshmi Kameswari(2014). Explain the GPS system and its uses. This system has been used in determining the nearest car hire for the user via the nearest route through Google Yahoo and Peng Map. GPS is used on a daily basis in some aspects of some advanced map data such as Google and Bing map used by drivers to determine the route on a daily basis. This project is used to determine the shortest path for the user. Also talked about using GPS in taxis to determine the nearest route. Data collection method was used by sending text messages via mobile phones. Apply GPS in mobile phones to analyze traffic pattern for drivers. The project focuses mainly on identifying the shortest route by using GPS in mobile phones. According to Sandeep Kumar, Mohammed and Abdul Qadeer, Archana Gupta (2010). Location Based Services (LBS) Provides information services based on knowledge of the location supported by the electronic map platform through the network connection of mobile phones and satellites. In this paper explain about Location Based Services and architecture of LBS system.

Also, explain android and its powerful features. Also, Android provides access to the following components to facilitate the implementation of LBS services: Location Manager, Location Provider, Geocoding and Google-Map. Talk about google map and geocoding support. Android provides a number of objects handling maps in the system that are Location Based Services like Mapview that displays maps. This paper was used map on android with overlays. A detailed description of the functions that can be found in the Android developer’s site. Explain the uses of android in mobile phones and use it in positioning by calling mobile phones. The purpose of these literature reviews was to collect information on how the application helped to found the nearest petrol station. Based on the reviews, we have identified the uses of the VANET network and how to use GPS to locate the petrol stations. Also, determine the shortest route to connect them.

Research Method

Introduction

This section presents the research methodology used in the study in relation to the research design and the data collection process. The first section presents the study of the research in detail. The next section includes a discussion on the sampling plan in which sampling procedure used in the study are discussed. The last section of the chapter presents the tools used for the data analysis.

Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework

The driver opens the application and then writes or records his/her location. The application then locates the driver by GPS then opens the specified location for the driver. After locating the driver, the application helps identify the nearest petrol stations available near the driver's location. The VANET network available in the application helps to identify the best and not crowded routes of the driver. After driver choose the nearest route, the services available at the petrol station selected by the driver are displayed.

First of all, the driver opens the application and then search for location by recording or texting. The application then locates the driver by GPS then opens the map for specified location for the driver. After locating the driver, the application helps identify the nearest petrol stations available near the driver's location. The VANET network available in the application helps to identify the best and not crowded routes of the driver. After that driver choose the nearest route and the services available at the petrol station selected by the driver are displayed.

UML DIAGRAM / DB Schema

Methods and Procedures

We used applied research method, to do practical oriented for providing an application for drivers. To help them get to the nearest petrol terminal while the petrol is low from their car. The driver can use this application when they need petrol. They open the application and locates his/her location by using two ways: the first way is to write the location and the second way is by recording the location and the location is determined using GPS. Then the map opens with all petrol stations near the driver 's location. After that they choose the nearest station from its location and specify the type of petrol station that wants to fill the petrol from it.

The VANET also helps the driver to determine the best road and be free from traffic congestion. We followed the descriptive approach to collecting information by using the most popular types of data collection methods that is online questionnaire. The aim is to find out the extent to which the driver needs to know the nearest route to the petrol stations close to his location when he needs petrol. Also the extent to which he/she needs to know if the chosen route which leads to the station is busy or not by using the VANET network.