What Are The Factors That Affects Students Mental Health

Loneliness and IsolationLoneliness and Isolation is a feeling of sadness or distress about being by yourself or feeling disconnected from the world around you. Some of the students felt that for a long time. Like they’re invisible, they have their own world, or we must say being separated from other people and an environment. Sometimes few of a student feels comfortable when they are alone. It occurs through the decisions of the students make themselves, or because of circumstance that they’ve been moving on. According to Rubenstein and Shaver (1982) loneliness can affect millions of students for their daily life. It seems that it is one of the problems of the students that affect them in their life especially, when it comes to a grade, family, friends, and many more.

They want to be alone so that no one can judge them about their personal things in life. Loneliness has been defined as an individual subjective experience about lack of satisfying human relationships (Adersson, L. 1998). We must say it is true, because as a researchers we’re also a students, a student’s that looking for an answers that we’re been experiencing. Moreover, Peplau and Perlmam (1982), loneliness is a painful warning signal that a person social network is insufficient in some important way. Loneliness can be classified into a two categories which are duration and social versus emotional loneliness. The duration loneliness is can be seen from a three perspectives namely transient which is the mood swing but does not occur very often, situational when an Individual experience sudden change after long-term satisfactory relationship and chronically when an individual experience very long time two year or more without being in a relationship. Furthermore, Weiss (1973) defines loneliness as a gnawing chronic disease without determining features. Weiss also gave a clear difference between emotional loneliness and social loneliness, where an emotional loneliness is a result of bereavement or divorce like a Relationship that were ruin, that is unhealthy like more arguments, crying and most of the time yelling to each other so it will end up to a divorce/break-up to a lovers whereas social loneliness is a result of lack of broader groups of contacts from the society. Sleeping ProblemsInsomnia is a common sleep problem for a youth.

The National Institutes of Health estimate that a general population complains of sleep disruption is roughly 30 percent, and approximately 10 percent has associated the symptoms of daytime functional impairment that consistent with the diagnosis of insomnia. A NSF Poll (2002) they found that 63 percent of women (versus 54 percent of men) experienced the symptoms of insomnia at least a few nights per week. Other polls have found the interesting trends that associated with insomnia. For example, 68 percent of adult’s ages 18 to 29 were reported the experiencing symptoms of insomnia, compared with 59 percent of adults ages 30 to 62, and only 44 percent of people over the age of 70. Not surprisingly, parents report is more insomnia symptoms than adults without children in the household (66 vs. 54 percent). According to the National Sleep foundation, there are some guidelines that were stated from a physician group. That insomnia is a difficulty of falling asleep or staying awake, even when a person have the chance to do so. But people with insomnia can feel discontented in their sleep and usually they were experiencing the symptoms like: fatigue, low energy, difficulty concentrating, mood disturbances, and a decreased performance in work or a school. Insomnia can be characterized based on its duration. The acute insomnia is brief and often happens because of life circumstances (for example, when you can't fall asleep the night before an exam or after receiving stressful things or bad news). Many of students may have experienced this type of passing sleep disruption, and it tends to a resolve without any treatment. Chronic insomnia is disrupted sleep for thrice a week and for 3 months longer. This kind of disorders has many causes like the changes in the environment; unhealthy sleep habits, shift work, their clinical disorders, and certain medications could lead for a long-term pattern of insufficient sleep. A student with chronic insomnia may benefit from some form of treatment, which will help them to get back to healthy sleep patterns that they want. Moreover, Harrington and Lee (2007) have discussed that the sleep disturbances were more common among the youths. The elderly population reported also that it has more symptoms that were caused by a various factors including use of medications, medical and psychiatric illness that may have consequences of sleep disturbances of a student’s including the cognitive impairment, day-time sleepiness and poor quality of life.

That might have a big effect to a student particularly in their academic carrier. For example they haven’t enough sleep but they needed to go to school to attend another lesson that will be tackling. Furthermore, Ancoli-Isreal, Ayalon and Salzman (2008) described that the most common complaints of a youth were related to a difficulty in initiating or maintaining the sleep, which is results in the insufficient sleep, an increased risk of falls, decreased memory, concentration and poor quality of life. Ageing it alone was not the sole reason for sleep disturbances. The main reasons for this kind of disturbances are co-morbid conditions with a medical and psychiatric illness and also the use of medications like what Harrington and Lee have said. They both stated that the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions will promote the sleep, which should be worked on in future researches like what we’re doing as of now. Self-esteemSelf-esteem provides an overview of the existing perspectives on self-esteem. It is a sociometer, that essentially an internal monitor of the degree in which one is valued or devalued as a relational partner. The chapter evaluates a series of specific, testable hypotheses about self-esteem and examines laboratory and other findings in relevance to the sociometer theory and its specific hypotheses.

This sociometer theory also reinterprets several interpersonal phenomena that have been explained previously in terms of the self-esteem motive. In specific, self-esteem refers to a person's appraisal of his or her value. Global self-esteem denotes a global value judgment about the self, whereas domain-specific self-esteem involves appraisals of one's value in a particular area. Self-esteem is an affectively laden self-evaluation. Self-evaluations are in turn assessments of one's behavior or attributes along evaluative dimensions. Some self-evaluations are dispassionate, whereas others are affectively laden. Self-esteem focuses primarily on individual differences in dispositional or trait self-esteem. Self esteem is a form of subjective respect of one’s own on how they accept their own self. (Morganett, 2005). It is on how you accept yourself being on what or who you which are being true to yourself to be specific. Self esteem is to evaluate the difference between the image of self and the ideal self. Image of self is a self acceptance, a personal appreciation, and overall acceptance of your personality and a Self-love. Ideal self is on how you wish to be the others. You were looking for a discrepancy between the individual perceive of oneself and the self that you would like to be which your ideal self is. Rosenberg (1965) stated that the self esteem is a negative and positive view of the particular person to one’s own.

As stated, the self esteem emerge the sequel of the self-evaluation of the particular person. It attained as the judgment of the consequences of a self evaluation that demonstrative the level of the self-esteem. It is also the proceeding of the significance related to a perception of the self. is the judgment of worthiness related to the concept of self. One of the important variables of forming the background of and in the development of self esteem is the satisfaction of basic psychological needs, as it has been a need since the birth of the individual. According to a theory, the autonomy can be modifying as a person to take into a view of one’s own actual processes, to have the ability of acting independently and self-approval while deciding. Autonomy is also to exhibit the strong-willed behaviors and show self-approval. It is needed to meet by the leading and controlling of one’s own life, and making theirown choices. These people generally approve that their behaviors and accept will have a consequences of one’s actions. It was stated that autonomy is considered particularly more important than competence and relatedness (Mithaug et. al. , 2003; Ryan, 1995; Ryan and Deci, 2002; Ryan & Lynch, 1989). That the competence is the ability of making a necessary regulations and organizations for reaching the person’s goal, and having the perception of self confidence for accomplishing them. According to Self Determination Theory, the relatedness of the opponent is not autonomy.

The opponent of relatedness is being independent defined as not to have a confidence to others’ support or help. A person can be autonomous but dependant to the others. If the person considers their own self as a supportive then she/he might have a confidence to the concern’s and attention of other (Deci, Ryan, 2008; Kowal and Fortier, 1999). Moreover, Vallerand (1997) stated that the Self determination theory defends on a social environment and the individual as a variable should be handled together. The Human behaviors should be presumed as an ongoing relationship between the social environmental factors and the personal traits. Family ProblemsFor almost a decade or so, the meaningful of literature has been developed on the impact of a family structure and the family change on child’s well-being. This literature documents an accumulating body of evidence that children raised in different family contexts display differential patterns of outcomes across a wide range of developmental domains. Particularly,the children will raised in a lone-parent families that been found, on an average, to do more less or well across the range of measures of the well-being than their peers of the two-parent families, while the parental separation has been found to be associated with an array of adverse outcomes for children. Behind of these patterns the associations between the family contexts and child outcomes, however, a complex web of overlapping and interacting influences, which means that, interpreting these results is far from a straightforward.

This research is to aim the some light on the reasons why a student’s outcomes are contingent on family contexts. A conflict is can define as the lack of peace in an environment. An argument of a parent refers to a nasty situation whereby the interaction and the relation of among members of afamily will be disrupted of the misunderstanding of one thing or another. It can be between the two parents or between parents and their children. Conflict in a family can be as a result of lack of trust, drunkenness, and lack of dialogue, lack of respect, joblessness and idleness. It forms a quarrels, fights, spouse battering, child molestation, and child abuses. It can result to a bad atmosphere in the home, separation or even divorce. According to Walker (1999), studies carried out have shown that when one form of violence was found in the family, other forms were more likely to also occur and the violence of a family has a direct relationship to community violence and other forms of offensive and gender based the violence. In many countries the Law of enforcement will not intervene that what is often called a “domestic quarrel” even psychological research indicates that without such an intervention, the abusers are unlikely to seek help to stop their battering behaviour. Some of the research has found out a strong relationship between violence in the home and violence in the community. Moreover, Murphy and O’Farrell (1994) highlighted that the view of the parents will play a central role in shaping the students development through their exhortation.

Thus if parents keep having conflicts time to time in their homes, are bound to be affected as they grow up. They also asserted that a student will learn through imitating and identification with their parents and other significant adults. If they are growing up in a family where violence is a common phenomenon, they might be end up on doing the same in their families in the future, unless the intervention is carried out. The first important influence on children is the family but children and families are interactive members of a large system of social institutions, such as the school, the workplace and 2community. Parental involvement and education improve both family and child functioning. It has been found out that parental involvement in a child might have lasting effects on its behaviour. Steinberg (1996) stated also that the assets of a conflict are a critical aspect of the family functioning that was often outweighs of the influence of family structure on the student’s development. He also reports that studies were carried out have found that student’s health and social development are most effectively promoted by love and at least some moderate control of a parent.