The Philosophy Of Soren Kierkegaard

Kierkegaard believed that philosophy should turn to the person, person’s small problems, help him/her find the truth, understandable to him/her for the sake of which one could live, help a person to make an inner choice and realize his "I". The following concepts were singled out as a philosopher:

- Inexperienced existence is the complete subordination of a person to society, "life with everyone", "life as everyone", "swimming with the flow", without realizing one's self, uniqueness of one's personality, without finding a true vocation;

- a true existence - a way out of the state of repressed society, a conscious choice, finding oneself, turning into the master of one's destiny.

Genuine existence is existence. In his ascension to the true existence of man goes through three stages:

- aesthetic, when a person's life is determined by the outside world. Man "sails with the flow" and seeks only pleasure;

- ethical, when a person makes a conscious choice, deliberately chooses himself, now he is driven by duty;

- religious, when a person is deeply aware of his calling, fully acquires to such an extent that the outside world does not have any special significance for him, cannot become an obstacle in the way of man. From this moment until the end of his days, a person "carries his cross", overcoming all suffering and external circumstances.

From the point of view of Kierkegaard, man is a synthesis of finite and infinite, temporal and eternal, freedom and necessity. And this synthesis does not occur by itself and is not given to man by nature - it must be consciously created by building his life in a certain way. Therefore, the main task that is put before a person in life is the acquisition of one's own self. Kierkegaard believed that he achieved the goal that, in his opinion, stands before any man: it is no accident long before his death that he proposed such a text on his own tombstone - "This Single". "This Single" is the self, the person who has reached the maximum separation from others.

The study of philosophical problems in Kierkegaard's writings rests on the altered Hegelian dialectics. He reinterprets many of Hegel's concepts and rejects the proposed placement of man in a historically concrete system of realizing the objective spirit, seeing in this the subordination of the person of history and the deprivation of his independence and responsibility for his actions. Kierkegaard was against the claims of philosophy not only to project social reality, but also to explain it. Reality for Kierkegaard is what our "I" discovers in itself.

The soul, according to Kierkegaard, is primary, and the body is secondary. He believed that man is a synthesis of the soul and body, temporary and eternal, freedom and necessity.

S. Kierkegaard, solving the problems of human existence in an unfriendly and gloomy world, proceeds from the fact that a person enters life unprepared and perceives it initially as a place of a holiday, passing through the stages of his cultivation, he is able to move from the aesthetic relationship of life, in which the purpose of existence is a pleasure, to the ethical, in which the goal of life becomes a reasonable service to duty, and to approach a religious attitude toward a life that turns into service to God.