The Impact of Rule of Ottoman Empire on the Art of Iraq

From 1400 to 1600 A.D h Turko-Mongol dynasties withheld and controlled the land of Iraq and many other eastern Asian countries.in 1446, the white sheep Turkmen fought and drafted the black sheep Turkmen and ended up ruling Iraq, soon after the Safavids ruled Mesopotamia defeated White Sheep and once again Iraq was lead by another dynasty.

In the 16th century, Iraq became under the rule of the Ottoman empire. Since then Iraq as nothing but a battle zone between tribal alliances and the rival regional empires. this caused the land of Iraq to divide into 3 provinces Basar, Baghdad, and Mosul.Iraq no longer became the geographical center of empires but is incorporated as a province into those centred countries such as Iran, and Anatolia This change in status reflected the arts of the period. Baghdad, known as the manuscript illustration in the Islamic world, witnesses an improvement and developing the arts.

How It Reflected the Art

In the late 14th century Timur (Tamerlane), a part of the Turko-Mongol tribe had settled in Transoxiana, ruled the province and instituted Samarqand as his capital. Within his time, he dominated all of Central Asia, greater Iraq, and parts of southern Russia and Indian subcontinent. Timur died while trying to invade China. The massive empire he formed was difficult to keep and eventually, only Transoxiana remained Timurid, and in remaining years the dynasty was under the control of separate members of the Timurid family.

Timur began one of the most historical periods of silicon art By bringing craftsmen from different overthrown lands to Samarqand, Timurid art and architecture had inspired countries like Anatolia and India. Timur’s empire itself did not last long, though his successor continued to rule over Transoxiana leading patrons of Islamic art. The eastern Islamic world became a well known cultural center. The leaders of Timurid attracted poets, artists, and architects, who could contribute to their supreme artistic culture. Timurid leaders had great patrons of the arts of the book, authorizing manuscripts that were copied and illustrated in their libraries. The Timurid period also saw great achievements in luxury, traditional arts, such as jade carving and metal work. At the court of Sultan Husain Bayqara, the last successful leader of Timurid, the cultural found its ultimate expression. There were Many Timurid princes who were also vast builders and built things like religious institutions and such as mosques, madrasas. The main heir of the building programs were the Sufi shrines. At Saray Place, Congregation mosque, Gur-i Amir were Some of the Major architectural commissions from Timur’s lifetime.