Analysis of the Names of Eight Planet in English Terminology

Abstract

This research would be analyze the name of eight planets in solar system that aims to describe of forming words in English. The theory that used in this research based on some linguists such as Rochelle Lieber, Mark Aronoff, Kirsten Fudeman and Richard Nordquist. The method will be used to describe the name of planet in solar system. The data were collected frm astronomy websites. The results of this study concludes that latin or romanic language is used to naming the 7 planets and 1 planet that named by different languages, and latin or romanic is the dominating language of naming the planets.

Keywords: borrowing, morpholgy, planet, word formation.

Latin or Romanic is the dominating language of naming the planets.

Introduction

According to Lieber (2009) morphology is the study of word formation, including the ways new words are coined in the languages of the world, and the way forms of words are varied depending on how they are used in sentences. Yule (2006) states Morphology is talking about the study of forms which is used to explain all basic of element in languages. Mark Aronoff and Kirsten Fudeman (2011: 2) state Its etymology is Greek: morph- means ‘shape, form’, and morphology is the study of form or forms. The writer chooses the topic of this research, because many of the researches are investigate of celestials, but a few of them who carry out of research on analysing of eight planet names in our solar system, the author chooses this opportunity to do a research to accomplish one of the assignment. We knew that there are many planets in this universe perhaps we can’t even count those planets therefore, the authors only pick eight planets in our system so that we can focus to these planets. It is an attractive and a rare discussion because it is very good to know the story behind naming of our home especially earth because earth is where we lived. After what author has learnt about morphology the author tries to do this research with the tittle of borrowing analysis of eight planet names in English terms.

Questions

• What is language that used to naming the eight planets?
• Which language that dominating for naming the eight planets?

Methodology

The author uses a descriptive-qualitative for this discussion. The method would be used to analysing of naming of eight planets in our solar system. In doing this research the author collects and analyze the data then make some conclusions.

• Morphology

Yule (2006) states Morphology is talking about the study of forms which is used to explain all basic of element in languages.

• Word formation

According to Richard Nordquist (2019) in linguistics (particularly morphology and lexicology), word formation refers to the ways in which new or morphemes. Also referred as derivational morphology.

Analysis

The author sought and collected the data from astronomy web sites and then find out where the name of planets were from. And the data were collected out of some web sites such as www.universetoday.com, www.thoughtco.com, www.definitions.net, coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu, morphological Journals, etc.

Borrowing

According to Richard Nordquist (2019), Borrowing is the process by which a word from one language is adapted for use in another. The word that is borrowed is called a borrowing or a borrowed word. Yule (2006) states borrowing is taking over of words from other languages. For instance, the word foto is adopted from English word Photo, the word Akhlak is adopted from Arabian word Akhlāq, the word Gubernur is taken from Dutch word Gouverneur, the word Mentega is taken from Portuguese word Menteiga, etc. The breakdown are as follows:

• Mercury
• Venus
• Earth
• Mars
• Jupiter
• Saturn
• Uranus
• Neptune

The word Mercury is borrowing from Mercurius derived from Latin, the word Mercury or Mercurius means Merchandise (noun) in English. It is related to the God of merchants, traveller, speed and the messenger of the Gods. The word Mercury or Mercurius reflects speed of planet Mercury as speed as God mercury or Hermes.

The word Venus is borrowing from Venus derived from Latin, the word Venus means love (noun) or beauty (noun) in English. It is related to the Goddess of love and beauty. It reflects Venus as the brightest planets in solar system as bright or beauty as the goddess Aphrodite.

The word Earth is borrowing from Eorthe derived from Old-English-Anglo Saxon the word Eorthe is borrowing from Erde derived from Indo-European, it means ground, soil, dirt and earth. It is related to earth’s characteristic as a ground or earth that has source of lice for every human being on this earth.

The word Mars is borrowing from Mārs derived from Latin, and it means warlike spirit, fighting, battle and army. It is related to God Mārs or Ares with bloodshed and war because of its red colour as red as planet Mars.

The word Jupiter is borrowing from Iūpiter derived from Latin, it means and related to the supreme deity, king of gods and men also corresponds to the greek Zeus. It reflects Jupiter or Iūpiter as supreme as God Iūpiter which is the supreme deity and the chief god.

The word Saturn is borrowing from Sāturnus derived from Latin, it means and related god of agriculture and vegetation. According to the ancient Romans, God Sāturnus or Kronos was always bring a sickle in his left hand and a bunch of wheat in his right hand. It reflects the ring of Saturn or Sāturnus as the sickle of god Sāturnus or Kronos.

The word Uranus is borrowing from Ūranus derived from Latin, it means sky or heaven.

The word Neptune is borrowing from Neptūnus derived from Latin, it means and related to god of the sea, ocean, water and sailor. It reflects a deep blue color of planet Neptune as blue as ocean water.

Conclusion

From analyses data the author would like to make conclusion about Borrowing analysis of eight planet names in English terms. There are eight planets that authors has analysed. They are mercury, venus, earth, mars, jupiter, saturn, uranus and neptune. The author uses a borrowing analysis to do this research of naming the eight planets. The answer can be summarized as follows:

Latin or Romanic language is used to naming 7 planets, 1 planet that named by different languages.

Latin or Romanic is the dominating language of naming the planets.