Analysis of the Gejayan Memanggil Movement in Indonesia

The social and political conditions in Indonesia are currently volatile and unstable due to several problems that are happening. There was a protest reaction to the government's plan to make several revisions to the law which was considered to silence democracy and threaten the fulfillment of human rights. The public protest demanded the government to act firmly in resolving several issues related to environmental damage, the revision of the KPK law, the RKUHP, the Manpower Bill, and the Elimination of Sexual Violence Bill. Responding to various problems that never end and have the potential to threaten the continuation of democracy in Indonesia, then a collective action that is called Gejayan Memanggil is a form of public protest to the government against these problems.

The Gejayan Memanggil movement is identic with the events of May 1998 which demanded that reform be accelerated. The Gejayan Memanggil movement emerged as an effort to convey the aspirations of the community towards socio-political problems in Indonesia that threaten the survival of democracy. Through the Aliansi Rakyat Bergerak (ARB), the Gejayan Calling movement involves all elements of society from student lecturers, employees, and the local community. The choice of Gejayan locations as a focal point for action takes into account the level of participants who take part in the action, as well as minimizing the potential for conflict and violence. In addition to awakening the spirit of romanticism in the past to the May 98 tragedy, Gejayan is a strategic place and is close to several campuses in Yogyakarta. Thousands of students from various campuses in Yogyakarta and surrounding areas gathered to join the Gejayan Memanggil movement. It is undeniable that students are the dominant actors in the Gejayan Memanggil movement. Students are considered as intellectual representation of young people who are able to express their opinions rationally and defend critical ideas that can support the democratic process.

Based on political opportunity some researches stated that as was noted earlier, most research on political opportunities has sought to show how changes in some aspect of a political system created new possibilities for collective action by a given challenger or set of challengers. In the The Gejayan Memanggil movement context, political opportunities arise due to the turmoil of socio-political phenomena whose impact changes the systems and structures that threaten the survival of democracy in Indonesia. The changes of socio-politics aspect causes various reactions from challengers who were joined in Aliansi Rakyat Bergerak (ARB) on the Gejayan Memanggil movement. In this context, the issue of revising several laws is a fairly fundamental change that has the potential to damage the structure and order of democracy, thereby generating a protest reaction in the form of Gejayan Memanggil movement to fight for the continuity of an ideal democracy and based on Pancasila.

Based on mobilizing structure by Doug Mc Adam, there are three important points in Gejayan Memanggil movement. First, the possible location of institutionalization of mobilization. The choice of location of Gejayan is considered capable of becoming an effective arena for collective action. Gejayan is considered capable of arousing the romanticism of the spirit of the past against the May 1998 tragedy. Second, the role of the political system in structuring the organization's profile of the movement. In this context, the political system in Indonesia is currently unstable, coupled with various social and environmental problems that are plaguing Indonesia. The chaotic political system in Indonesia triggered the emergence of this movement. Third, the effect of organizational structure in facilitating or limiting the survival of the movement. This movement involved thousands of students from various different campuses in Yogyakarta. Each organization has a figure as a coordinator who is responsible for the mobilization of its members in this collective action. The response of the university was also diverse, some were supportive, some were criticized. Some lecturers were also involved in this action. Although some campuses oppose this movement, it does not prevent the continuity and smoothness of this action. this is because it is right for the public to voice their aspirations for problems that occur.

Based on cultural framing, formed by conscious strategic decisions from coordinators. The Gejayan Memanggil movement is a structured and well-planned collective action so that the framing process is easier. All the possible impacts such as traffic jams, diversion of road currents, local residents' stalls, were well anticipated before the collective action began.