The Theme of Prejudice in "To Kill a Mockingbird" by Harper Lee

Harper Lee's novel "To Kill a Mockingbird" explores the deeply ingrained prejudice and racism that plagued the American South during the 1930s. Through the eyes of young Scout Finch, Lee vividly portrays the destructive effects of prejudice on individuals and society as a whole. In this essay, we will delve into the themes of racial and social prejudice depicted in "To Kill a Mockingbird", examining their manifestations and consequences on the characters and the town of Maycomb.

Racial Prejudice

The most prominent form of prejudice in the novel is racial bias. The trial of Tom Robinson, an African American accused of raping a white woman, highlights the deeply rooted racism in Maycomb. Despite the lack of evidence against Tom and the compelling defense presented by Atticus Finch, the jury convicts him solely because of his race. The trial exposes the injustice and systemic racism that prevailed in the legal system, showcasing how deeply ingrained prejudice can lead to miscarriages of justice.

Social Prejudice

Beyond racial prejudice, the novel also explores social prejudices based on class and family background. The Finch family is subjected to gossip and scrutiny due to Atticus defending Tom Robinson. The Ewells, considered the lowest class in Maycomb, are also looked down upon by the community. The prejudice against the Ewells is exemplified when Mayella Ewell accuses Tom Robinson of rape to divert attention from her own actions. These instances reflect how societal norms and biases shape perceptions and interactions among different social groups.

Effects on Characters

Prejudice has profound effects on the characters in the novel. Tom Robinson becomes a victim of racial bias, leading to his unjust conviction and tragic death. Boo Radley, another central character, is subjected to prejudice and rumors due to his reclusive nature. The townspeople's perceptions of Boo are colored by prejudice, and it takes Scout's realization of his humanity to dispel these misconceptions. Atticus Finch's defense of Tom Robinson exposes him and his family to ridicule and hostility. However, his unwavering commitment to justice serves as a beacon of hope and integrity in a prejudiced society.

Impact on Society

The pervasive prejudice in Maycomb reflects the broader societal attitudes of the time. The town's refusal to question the status quo perpetuates the cycle of racism and inequality. Prejudice leads to a lack of empathy and understanding, reinforcing divisions among the residents. The novel's exploration of prejudice serves as a critique of the social norms that enable discrimination and hinder progress.

Conclusion

"To Kill a Mockingbird" serves as a poignant reminder of the destructive nature of prejudice. Harper Lee's portrayal of racial and social bias underscores the importance of confronting and challenging these biases to achieve a just and equitable society. The novel's message resonates with contemporary issues of discrimination and intolerance, urging readers to recognize their role in dismantling prejudice and promoting empathy. By examining the consequences of prejudice through the lens of Scout Finch, Lee compels us to reflect on our own attitudes and actions, inspiring a commitment to positive change.

References

• Lee, H. (1960). To Kill a Mockingbird. HarperCollins.
• Crespino, J. (2018). Atticus Finch: The Biography. Basic Books.
• Johnson, C. R. (2017). Understanding To Kill a Mockingbird: A Student Casebook to Issues, Sources, and Historical Documents. Greenwood.
• Shackelford, D. (2000). Unsullied by Falsehood: Essays on Truth and Justice in To Kill a Mockingbird. University of Tennessee Press.
• West, M. R. (2012). The Paradox of Prejudice: Atticus Finch and the Limits of Tolerance. Mississippi Quarterly, 65(1/2), 101-122.