The Correlations Among Ireland, India, And China

Breaking Free of the British: Ireland was once part of the British Empire, while India was a former British colony. Both countries strived for independence and a revolution was taking place, almost simultaneously in India and Ireland. And even while the Irish Free State was formed in 1922, they supported India's cause with the formation of the Irish-Indian Independence League in 1932. The league helped set up free trade stores, facilitated visits of Indian activists to Europe, etc. , and in subtle ways contributed to India's freedom movement. India's languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food, and customs differs from place to place within the country, often labeled as an amalgamation of several cultures, spans across the Indian subcontinent and has been influenced by a history that is several millennia old. Irish FoodFood plays a significant part of Irish culture. Ireland’s pride is their popularity of being the food island, especially the Cork county.

The most common food of Ireland is bacon, cabbage, Irish stew (made with goat or lamb), Potatoes and boxty (Potato pancake). Traditional and staple food of Ireland includes black pudding, heirloom vegetables and colcannon (mashed potato, kale or cabbage, and butter), and, in Ulster, the soda farl. From the business front, Ireland exports the finest quality meats and dairy products all over the world. Food and Culinary historian and Professor at UCC, Regina Sexton mentions that, “Our relationship with our food history is very complicated and is tied up with our history as an exporter of food. Irish Language As a language, Irish is unique to this country and it plays a significant role in recognizing and realizing the identity of the Irish people and to Irish culture. Irish people have English as their first and primary language. The entire country Ireland speaks English but with their own and good old Irish accent called Brogue. With English as the country’s base language it attracts a lot of immigrants from all over the world. Ireland is becoming vary diverse as many immigrants coming here to work and looking forward to settling down here as there are no language barriers as like other European countries. Ceallaigh, Dhonnabhan (2015), mentioned that, the official languages act 2003 of Ireland sets out a legal framework providing the guarantee that this act will ensure that every Irish citizen can communicate either in Irish or English and also make sure that this right is honored by public officials. Irish language is a way of expressing their cultural heritage and a symbol of identity for the entire Republic of Ireland.

The Irish language is the symbol of identity which is even now celebrated and declared it as the Irish national holiday, Saint Patrick’s Day, on March 17th. Apart from the majority of Ireland of population who are both Irish and English speakers, there also exists the minority population who speaks only Irish. For this minority population, the Irish language is more than a national symbol which also forms part of their own identity. Adding to Ireland, there are other countries where English is the mother tongue and includes countries such as Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Indian FoodAs the entire world knows, India is referred to as “Land of Spices”. The major portion of the population are vegetarian. As the population is high in India and second largest in the world, a lot of people from different region and states eat different kinds of food and that reflects the nation as more diverse in cuisines. The traditional and staple food of the nation is categorized under different varieties namely Dairy products, Cereals & Millets, Vegetables, Fruits and Oil & Fats. The typical Indian thali includes roti (made of wheat), daal (Lentils), rice, sabzi, papad and kheer. The sabzi dish is a mix of many vegetables and spices.

LANGUAGE: During the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India there were the fourteen languages first listed which includes Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu. There was the Three-Language Formula which was first presented in 1956 by the Central Advisory Board of Education, the formula format deals with the following style to be taught as school subjects. The first preference is always given to mother tongue or regional language and this will be taught for ten years. Second preference is given to the official language namely Hindi or English and this will be taught for six years and the final preference to learn another Indian language or foreign language for a period of three years. Apart from the above-mentioned teaching formula, there are countries which uses English as an additional official language, though English is not their mother tongue, namely Bangladesh, Ghana, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Majority of population in these countries can use English fluently for virtually any type of communication. Chinese FoodThere is a famous saying, “The Chinese eat any living being with four legs”.

A typical Chinese meal consists of rice, noodles, steamed buns and meat dishes. Chinese cuisine is deeply connected with variety of seafood consumption and particularly the southern part of China has a strong presence in both traditional and modern world of seafood business and consumption. The most common and famous food in China is sweet and sour pork, kung pao chicken, ma po tofu, wontons, meat spring rolls. Since many decades the consumption of shark fin has been part of Chinese food culture. Consumption of shark fin became popular during the Song dynasty (960–1279 AD) (Freeman 1977), and in due course it has been established and traditionally followed as part of banquets and events arranged for emperors during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 AD) (Rose 1996, cited in Clarke et al. 2007, p. 307). Not only on the food types, Chinese also have variety of food ingredients and different styles of cooking methods. For example, Northern China food is salty and minimum greens with noodles and Western China food consists of halal food and Central China population consumes spicy food with lot of seasonings and chilies. On the part of snacks, not only Chinese and even the tourists are very fond of Xiaochi which is frequently sold in streets and restaurants.

LANGUAGE: The official language in China is Mandarin. In China, one major variety, now widely known as ‘China English’, is attracting growing attention from linguists, researchers and educators there. Li Wenzhong (1993) has highlighted that China English be defined as avariety of English whose vocabulary, sentences and discourse have Chinese characteristics. It is based on standard English and has been adapted to express characteristics of Chinese culture in terms of phonetic translation, borrowing and meaning reproduction. There is also a term called expanding circle, which refers to countries that treats English as a foreign language. The countries being mainly are China, Korea, Nepal, Russia, Saudi Arabia and several in South America.

Technology in Ireland and IndiaIreland and India, both geeks. While the technology boom in India has resulted in silicon cities like Bangalore and Hyderabad, Dublin has the 'Silicon Docks'. The Docks are a large stretch along the harbour, in the city-centre, which house the European headquarters of the biggest names in technology. Google, Facebook, Apple, Microsoft, Twitter, Linkedin, they're all here. Indian IT companies in Ireland forming technology as part of culture. Indian companies such as Infosys, HCL, Tech Mahindra, TCS, Wipro, BrowserStack, SMT amongst others have set up their European base in Ireland. As mentioned in the indianembassydublin. gov. in, bilateral trade between India and Ireland in 2017-18 touched US $ 1. 33 billion, India’s Imports from Ireland was US$ 795. 01 million and India’s exports to Ireland was US$ 536. 08 million. Main Items imported from India were Machinery and mechanical appliances, telecommunications equipment, computer accessories, precision equipment and pharmaceuticals. Main items exported from India were Organic chemicals, textiles, garments & clothing accessories, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, machinery, light engineering goods, plastics and rubber. Major Indian companies which have presence in Ireland include Pinewood/Wockhardt, Reliance Genemedix, Crompton Greaves, Deepak Fasteners, Jain Irrigation Systems, Wipro, TCS, Infosys and HCL.

Major Irish companies which have presence in India are CRH Taxback Group; Connolly Red Mills, Globoforce, ICON, Kerry Group, Diageo, Glanbia. Of late, Ireland is becoming a significant destination for Indian students seeking higher education, particularly post-graduate, doctoral and post-doctoral students in the areas of engineering, technology, medicine, and management. There are over 2500 Indian students in Irish higher educational institutions. There is an ICCR Chair on politics and international relations in the Dublin City University. Premier institutions of both countries have been cooperating with each other in the field of science and technology. Technology in Ireland and ChinaIreland, it seems, is taking China seriously. It's easy to see why.

China is one of the few countries to have experienced economic growth this year. Though not immune from the effects of the global downturn - manufacturing output and exports were down in the first half of the year for example - the world's third-largest economy grew by just under 9 per cent in the third quarter of 2009, while the government announced on December 21st it is targeting growth of 8 per cent for 2010. Add to this its position as one of the largest markets in the world and it becomes clear China represents a serious business opportunity for companies interested in investment andtrade internationally. According to Enterprise Ireland, there are 250 small- to medium-sized Irish companies engaged in trade with China, while 107 have offices there. This is in addition to the larger multi-national and Irish-listed companies with a presence in China. Promoting Ireland as a gateway into Europe was a major theme of the recent Ireland-China Economic Trade CooperationForum organised by the Irish-China Association.

The IDA is also eager to secure Chinese foreign direct investment. Brian Conroy, the IDA's Asia-Pacific director, based in Shanghai, says the agency is actively targeting Chinese companies looking to set up centres in Europe. "Ireland's corporate tax-rate and our double-taxation agreement with China, makes it an attractive location for Chinese companies," he says. "What we are saying to companies is that Ireland isn't just a market of four million people - it offers a gateway into the entire Europeanmarket. " The possibility of increased business activity between Ireland and China is also fuelling its own micro-industry. Companies such as Dublin-based Euro China Hub have mushroomed in recent years, offering financial services to Chinese companies interested in setting up in Ireland and vice versa. A range of world-leading Chinese companies have strategic operations in Ireland, supported by IDA Ireland. These include:· Technology & Business Services – Huawei, Tencent, Lenovo, Chinasoft, SATIR, Firecomms· International Financial Services – Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Bank of China Aviation, China Development Bank, Bank of Communications.