Welding Definition and Welding Types

What is Welding Definition

Welding is defined as connecting metal by heating it to melting, where the workpiece that melts or melts will combine with the help of additional materials so that a connection is formed. the melting workpieces and additional materials caused by heat coming from an electric arc. this electric arc occurs at the time the transfer of electric current from the electrode rod to the workpiece through the air. This electric arc lights up in the latitude of the air that transmits electric current. because there is a high electrical resistance at the time of transfer of current from the electrode end to the workpiece, then the electric arc reaches temperatures up to 6,000 degrees Celsius. Therefore this heating is local so that the part of the workpiece and the tip of the electrode that are close together will melt. Types of Welding How many types of welding? Until this time there are many methods used in the welding field. this was because there was no agreement in this matter. Conventionally, these methods at this time can be divided into two groups, namely classification based on work methods used and classification based on energy used.

The first classification divides the weld in the liquid welding group, weld press, weld solder. While the second classification distinguishes the existence of groups such as electric welding, chemical welding, mechanical welding and so on. Among the two methods of classification above, it seems that the classification based on work methods is more widely used. Based on the classification of how welding works can be divided into three main classes, namely: Welding is a process of joining a metal where to connect the metal is first heated until the metal melts, melting the metal caused by heat coming from an electric arc. Grazing is the process of connecting a metal where the metal is first heated and then after the metal is searched then pressured until the two metals merge. Soldering is the process of connecting a metal where the metal on its connection is given a metal which has a lower melting point than the metal to be connected, so that the parent metal that will be connected does not melt. Factors Affecting Welding The factors that influence the welding of metals are their chemical composition, physical properties, structure and heating process, and so on. In general, metal that can be welded is as follows:

1. Steel Welding on steel will adversely affect if steel contains a lot of phosphorus and (sulfur) levels. Steel metal contains a lot of phosphorus and sulfur content can be seen from welded metal pieces wherein the metal there will be a core that is dark in color when compared to the color on the edge of the welded metal pieces (seam V). When welding metal phosphorus and sulfur elements will interfere with liquid welding fuel so that the liquid material and welded metal become brittle and porous after being cooled because the flow of liquid material in the seam is not good which contains a rough welding result, which has colors are younger than copper when welding.
2. Welding Cast iron usually contains a carbon content of around 2.5 - 3.5 C and has fragile properties and low strain and shrinkage. Cast iron when heated in certain parts is likely to crack other parts so that when welding cast iron it must first be heated in the kitchen heater or gas stove to prevent cracking in other parts.
3. Copper Welding Pure copper is pink which has a tough and easy-to-stretch character with a copper melting point of approximately 1.080 degrees C. Welding copper material is usually very difficult and the results are porous because copper melts very easily entering liquid, so that when liquid material freezes liquid holes empty and leave marks in the form of welded holes.
4. Bronze Welding Bronze metal is a combination of copper and lead sometimes also mixed with other elements, in general bronze alloy consists of 87% copper, 9% lead, 2% zinc and 2% tin. Phosphorus bronze is a copper and lead alloy mixed with phosphorus around 0.5% - 0.8% so that the bronze has hard, tough and easily melted properties. Bronze manganese is a copper alloy and lead mixed with manganese about 10% Mn and this metal is resistant to seawater, this bronze metal is very easy to weld using bronze, phosphorous or bronze manganese electrodes.
5. Brass Welding Brass is a mixture containing less than 35% zinc if the zinc content is less, the processing process will be easier, and the electrodes used are electrodes made of phosphor bronze. If welding brass is expected to be careful because when the welding process comes out it is very dangerous for health because the steam released contains zinc, sometimes when steam welding must be removed using a suction device, this steam is also very disturbing because it will cover the gas in the weld.
6. Aluminum welding To weld aluminum metal special electrodes are needed with small electrode liquid droplets, to produce good welding, the electrode position is made upright against the welded metal by making a short arc of light and fast forward movement of the electrode without using swing motion.