The Concept of the American Dream in "The Story of an Hour" and "Winter Dreams"

In contemporary society, the American dream is now much more within reach than during the periods when F. Scott Fitzgerald's "Winter Dreams" and Kate Chopin's "The Story of an Hour" were penned. Both essays explore the concept of the American dream, which, though present, was not accessible to the majority of the population in the past. However, today, this dream is attainable by most, if not all, American citizens.

In 1933, historian James Truslow Adams coined the phrase "The American Dream" as it is commonly understood today. He eloquently described it as the vision of a nation where life could be better, richer, and more fulfilling for everyone, with opportunities distributed according to individual abilities and achievements. This dream was not merely about material wealth; rather, it emphasized an enhanced quality of life and equal opportunities for all. This idea is effectively portrayed in Fitzgerald's "Winter Dreams" through the protagonist Dexter, who, despite not being born into privilege, successfully carves a life for himself that rivals, if not surpasses, those around him. Nevertheless, not all in America were able to pursue the new American dream, as segregation denied many minorities the same opportunities enjoyed by Dexter.

Taking a step back in time to Kate Chopin's "The Story of an Hour," the reader embarks on an emotional rollercoaster. The protagonist, Louise, initially mourns the loss of her husband but eventually finds solace in her newfound freedom. During this period in the late 1800s, the Realism movement was nearing its end, and women were gradually fighting for their right to vote and live with the same privileges as men. Segregation had already taken root in 1877, further limiting opportunities for women like Louise and minorities to achieve the American dream.

Today, the American dream, as defined by James Truslow Adams, is more achievable for all Americans compared to the 1930s. With the granting of women's voting rights in 1920 and the end of segregation in the 1960s, more opportunities became available to women and minorities. Affirmative action, stemming from the civil rights legislation of the 1960s, has played a crucial role in increasing opportunities for various marginalized groups, including black students, women, disabled individuals, and others facing discrimination. Today, even if born in a low-income neighborhood, one can aspire to attend an Ivy League school or pursue higher education, regardless of skin color or background — unlike the millions of people who were legally barred from such pursuits from 1877 to 1964.

In conclusion, both F. Scott Fitzgerald's "Winter Dreams" and Kate Chopin's "The Story of An Hour" touch upon the American dream as defined by James Truslow Adams, as well as aspects of how we perceive it today. However, this dream was not easily attainable in the past and was often out of reach for many in America. Today, the American dream has evolved, and legislative changes have ensured that women, men from average circumstances, and minorities all have equal opportunities to pursue a successful life.